PDA

View Full Version : Roasting coffee beans



Fred
06-19-2006, 06:53 PM
About 8 years ago my wife and stopped buying ground coffee and began grinding (and blending) the beans just before brewing. That was an important step in improving the quality of the coffee we brewed at home.

A couple years ago we took to steeping the ground coffee in French presses. We have about a 1/2 dozen of them now of every conceivable size. Another step upward in coffee quality improvement.

Just recently I've been experimenting with roasting my own green coffee beans. This allows us to have truly "fresh roasted" coffee but it also allows us to create coffees by mixing different levels of roast together as well as blending different beans either before or after the roast. It is a fairly complex subject and I'm certainly no expert but I've been getting some pretty good results and I'll share my experiences.

The unit I have is very inexpensive and works on the principle of blowing electrically heated air through the beans. There are two drawbacks. The first is the tiny amount of beans the unit will handle (about 43 grams.) The second is that, because it roasts such a small amount, it roasts very quickly (2 - 4 minutes) and it's hard to stop the roast at the point you wish to stop it and put it into a cooling cycle. But after roasting about 40 batches, I've gotten the hang of it and I'm ready to upgrade to a bigger machine. I'm going to get the Gene unit. It handles 1/2 lb. at a time and provides for computer controlled roasting curves. I'll get one ordered as soon as I can find a price that appeals to me.

basically, as the beans heat up and begin to turn color, they will start to snap, crackle and pop. This is referred to as first crack by the coffee roasters. Later on, the beans will undergo a second crack and very quickly begin to get really dark and oily and smoky. Most beans are roasted somewhere between the first and second crack. A cinnamon roast would be pulled right after first crack and a full city roast would be pulled just before the second crack. Right after second crack you would get dark French and espresso roasts. Results can be affected by the time and temp of the roast or by programming different temps at different times. On my unit there is less than a minute between the two cracks so I can't really do much other than get to level of roast I want. The new unit will give me a lot more flexibility and capability to customize my roasts.

This is a smoky and smelly process. I take the roaster outside and set in on one of the stainless tables of my gas grill where I have an electric outlet. That solves the smoke issue just fine. You need to let the roasted beans rest for a day before brewing to allow the last of the gasses to escape. The coffee can be a little bitter right after roasting but mellows out beautifully after several hours.

I started with some inexpensive Bolivian beans and, after a few burnt and ruined batches, I managed to make some pretty good coffee. I've done everything from a light city roast to an espresso roast with it and had good results. I then bought some premium beans. I got 5 lbs. of Ethiopian Harrar and 5 lbs. of 100% Kona from my favorite Hawaiian grower. The Kona is so good that it maintains its flavor right on into a French roast. At the French level you're normally tasting the roast rather than the coffee but the Kona flavor comes through every time. Really rich and creamy tasting. Green beans cost about 1/2 what you would pay for roasted beans.

The results have been spectacular, at least in my inexperienced opinion. You couldn't get better coffee at a high end coffee shop. I know I have a lot to learn about coffee roasting. I'm happy with the results I'm getting now and I know I'll only get better with experience. Any other coffee roasters out there?

apicius9
06-20-2006, 12:47 AM
Hi Fred,

I haven't been roasting long enough to contribute anything smart to this topic, but I sure do enjoy roasting my beans. Bought an espresso machine, a grinder and a roaster at the same time a few weeks ago and I am still fine-tuning to get optimum results. So many variables to pay attention to... Since I live alone (and payed double my originally planned budget for machine and grinder...) I couldn't justify any bigger roaster than the I-Roast 2 which roasts about 1/2 pound. I still see a lot of room for improvement, but what I roast at home is already much better than those charcoaled beans you can buy at *$. To control that variable in the beginning, I stick with pre-blended espresso blends. Once I'm a bit further into the game I will certainly start playing with my own blends. BTW, who is your Hawaiian suppplier? I'm afraid that Konas are too delicate for espresso, but I may give it a try. Gotta support the local business ;)

Stefan

Fred
06-20-2006, 07:05 AM
Hi Fred,

I haven't been roasting long enough to contribute anything smart to this topic, but I sure do enjoy roasting my beans. Bought an espresso machine, a grinder and a roaster at the same time a few weeks ago and I am still fine-tuning to get optimum results. So many variables to pay attention to... Since I live alone (and payed double my originally planned budget for machine and grinder...) I couldn't justify any bigger roaster than the I-Roast 2 which roasts about 1/2 pound. I still see a lot of room for improvement, but what I roast at home is already much better than those charcoaled beans you can buy at *$. To control that variable in the beginning, I stick with pre-blended espresso blends. Once I'm a bit further into the game I will certainly start playing with my own blends. BTW, who is your Hawaiian suppplier? I'm afraid that Konas are too delicate for espresso, but I may give it a try. Gotta support the local business ;)

Stefan

I'm not suggesting Kona for espresso. I've only roasted the Bolivian beans that far. I've only taken the Kona to a light French roast. I think it would be a waste of money to use Kona for espresso. I normally roast it full city. It's just too expensive to bury it in a really dark roast.

I buy Kona beans from an Ebay seller called larrywhawaii. He's a grower. He's reliable and fast and the coffee is as good as it gets. A 5 lb. bag of his green Kona beans is $70 without shipping. So you can get a true, 100% estate product for the price of Kona blends by going direct to the grower. It's really good stuff. You can buy it roasted to suit as well if you're nervous about roasting the expensive stuff yourself.

I haven't gotten to the point where I know what kinds of beans to use for which purpose. I'm a beginner like you are. I've bought some samplers of beans and fooled around with them. My wife and I just really love Kona coffee and I'm willing to spend the money for it. We're about ready to stop drinking anything else. Good luck with the roasting. Post any tips. I can use all I can get.

Brklynbrew
06-20-2006, 04:38 PM
Hi Fred. I've been roasting beans at home for about a year and a half now. I started with a Fresh Roast Plus and switched over to the I-Roast this winter when the fan on the Fresh Roast started to fail. One thing I like about the I-Roast is that it is designed so that regular aluminum air ducting can be attached to it. It also has a bit longer of a roast cycle and I've noticed that the degree of roast is a little greater for the same external appearance. Its also a little tricky to get the right roast level since the noise level makes it harder to hear cracks and the beans continue to roast for the first fifteen seconds or so of the cooldown cycle.

Over time I've become more of a fan of lighter roasts or more accurately I don't hate them anymore. Starting with good quality beans makes a huge difference and the varietal differences are much more noticeable with light roasts.

So far I haven't tried out Kona beans. Monsooned Malabar was interesting, I liked it but my fiancee found it too funky. For darker roasts I like blends and some of the African coffees. Mexican was good in a dark roast as well. For lighter roasts I've found that Costa Rican and Guatemalan beans are nice.

I've found decent prices and a good selection at sweetmarias.com . I've also had good luck with Seven Bridges beans off of Amazon. Are there any other vendors that you would recommend?

Fred
06-20-2006, 08:17 PM
I have a ton of experimenting to do with beans and blends, that's for sure. So far I've just replaced what I used buy roasted with green beans I can roast myself.

I'm intrigued by the Gene unit. It looks pretty sturdy and has a built in temperature control so you can really adjust the roast pretty well.

I have always preferred the darker roasts - perhaps because it wasn't roasted that well or perhaps because my Caribbean upbringing had me drinking espresso type coffee with milk (latte?) since I was a child. I will experiment with lighter roasts when I have a machine that can handle them. I have a feeling I'm going to like the lighter roasts too.

Brklynbrew
06-22-2006, 04:34 PM
There was an article in the NY Times this morning about a coffee company Intelligentsia Coffee, http://www.intelligentsiacoffee.com/store/coffee/green . Has anyone bought coffee from them? The green coffee prices seem pretty reasonable.

Fred
06-22-2006, 06:38 PM
To me they seem high. You should be able to get beans for about half to 70% of their price. If I had to pay $32 lb. for Kona I would stop drinking it. I pay $14 from the grower in Hawaii. Central American beans should be in the $3 to $5 range.

VHo
06-22-2006, 07:04 PM
way to go fred! impressive.

I just glanced a piece on "dirty jobs" where he was roasting coffee, very interesting. (or maybe it was modern marvels, I love that show too.)

enjoy that larger roasting window.

scubadoo97
06-27-2006, 07:02 PM
I've been roasting for over 3 years now. Started with a Fresh Roast Plus hot air roaster and popcorn poppers. Added a variac for voltage control to slow the roast. Tried my hand at the heatgun bowl method to increase batch size and now am using a StirCrazy/Convection oven combo. This is by far the best method short of a small commercial roaster that I have tried so far. Details of these methods can be found over at coffeegeek.com. Once you home roast there is no turning back. I buy green beans now via the greencoffeebean coop and a buying group. These are good sources for larger volumes of 10lbs or more per varietal. Coffee bean corral and sweetmarias are still good sources for top notch beans. The coop and buying group are for home roasters gone mad:eek:

Fred
06-28-2006, 08:02 AM
Thanks for the tips. I'll go visit the site.